冷作模具鋼是指使金屬在冷態(tài)下變形或成形所使用的模具鋼，常用的專用冷作模具鋼是Crl2型鋼，其含碳量為1.45%～2.30%，含鉻量為11%～13%。下面來講講冷作模具鋼具備四大使用性能！

Cold working die steel refers to the die steel used to deform or shape metal in cold state. The common special cold working die steel is Crl2 steel, with carbon content of 1.45%~2.30% and chromium content of 11%~13%. Now let's talk about the four major performance of cold working die steel!

1)較高的耐磨性

1) High wear resistance

冷作模具在工作時(shí)，表面與坯料之間產(chǎn)生許多次摩擦，模具在這種情況下須仍能保持較低的表面粗糙度值和較高的尺寸精度，以防止早期失效。

When the cold working die is working, there are many times of friction between the surface and the blank. In this case, the die must still be able to maintain a lower surface roughness value and a higher dimensional accuracy to prevent early failure.

由于模具材料的硬度和組織是影響模具耐磨性能的重要因素，因此為了提高冷作模具的抗磨性能，通常要求模具硬度高于加工件硬度30%～50%，材料的組織為回火馬氏體或下貝氏體，其上分布均勻、細(xì)小的顆粒狀碳化物。要達(dá)到此目的，鋼中的碳的質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)一般都在0.60%以上。

Since the hardness and structure of the die material are important factors affecting the wear resistance of the die, in order to improve the wear resistance of the cold working die, it is generally required that the hardness of the die is 30%~50% higher than the hardness of the workpiece, and the structure of the material is tempered martensite or lower bainite, with uniform and fine granular carbide distributed above it. To achieve this goal, the mass fraction of carbon in steel is generally above 0.60%.

2)較高的強(qiáng)度和韌性

2) High strength and toughness

模具的強(qiáng)度是指模具零件在工作過程中抵抗變形和斷裂的能力。強(qiáng)度指標(biāo)是冷作模具設(shè)計(jì)和材料選擇的重要依據(jù)，主要包括拉伸屈服點(diǎn)、壓縮屈服點(diǎn)等。屈服點(diǎn)是衡量模具零件塑性變形抗力的指標(biāo)，也是常用的強(qiáng)度指標(biāo)。為了獲得高的強(qiáng)度，在模具制造過程中，要模具材料的韌性，要根據(jù)模具工作條件來決定，對(duì)于強(qiáng)烈沖擊載荷的模具，如冷作模具的凸模、冷鐓模具等，因受沖擊載荷較大，需要高的韌性。對(duì)于一般工作條件下的冷作模具，通常受到的是小能量多次沖擊載荷的作用，模具的失效形式是疲勞斷裂，因此模具不必具有過高的沖擊韌度值。

The strength of the die refers to the ability of the die parts to resist deformation and fracture during the working process. Strength index is an important basis for cold working die design and material selection, mainly including tensile yield point, compression yield point, etc. The yield point is an index to measure the resistance to plastic deformation of mold parts, and is also a commonly used strength index. In order to obtain high strength, the toughness of the die material in the die manufacturing process should be determined according to the working conditions of the die. For the die with strong impact load, such as the punch of cold working die, cold heading die, etc., due to the large impact load, high toughness is required. For cold working dies under general working conditions, they are usually subjected to small energy repeated impact loads. The failure form of dies is fatigue fracture, so the dies need not have high impact toughness values.

3)較強(qiáng)的抗咬合性

3) Strong anti occlusion

咬合抗力實(shí)際就是對(duì)發(fā)生“冷焊”的抵抗能力。通常在干摩擦條件下，把被試驗(yàn)?zāi)＞咪撛嚇?，與具有咬合傾向的材料（如奧氏體鋼），進(jìn)行恒速對(duì)偶摩擦運(yùn)動(dòng)，以一定速度逐漸增大載荷，此時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)矩也相應(yīng)增大。當(dāng)載荷加大到某一臨界值時(shí)，轉(zhuǎn)矩突然急劇增大，這意味著發(fā)生咬合，這一載荷稱為“咬合臨界載荷”。臨界載荷越高，標(biāo)志著咬合抗力越強(qiáng)。

The bite resistance is actually the resistance to cold welding. Generally, under the dry friction condition, the tested die steel sample and the materials with occluding tendency (such as austenitic steel) are subjected to the constant speed dual friction movement, and the load is gradually increased at a certain speed, at this time, the torque is also correspondingly increased. When the load is increased to a certain critical value, the torque suddenly increases sharply, which means that occlusion occurs. This load is called "critical occlusion load". The higher the critical load is, the stronger the occlusion resistance is.

4)受熱軟化能力

4) Heat softening capacity

受熱軟化能力反映了冷作模具鋼在承載時(shí)溫升對(duì)硬度、變形抗力及耐磨性的影響。表征冷作模具鋼受熱軟化抗力的指標(biāo)主要有軟化溫度（℃）和二次硬化硬度（HRC）。

The heat softening ability reflects the influence of temperature rise on hardness, deformation resistance and wear resistance of cold work die steel under load. The softening temperature (℃) and secondary hardening hardness (HRC) are the main indicators to characterize the softening resistance of cold work die steel.

此外要注意在生產(chǎn)加工等作模具鋼的時(shí)候，還一定要根據(jù)其具體的要求，保證設(shè)備加工之后，能夠順利使用。如需了解更多關(guān)于模具鋼知識(shí)可以來我們網(wǎng)站http://m.6886774.cn進(jìn)行咨詢！

In addition, it should be noted that when making die steel for production and processing, it must also be based on its specific requirements to ensure that the equipment can be used smoothly after processing. For more information about die steel, please visit our website http://m.6886774.cn Consult!